In Python, undeclared variables don’t exist. In Java, local variables can’t be used before assignment. In Go, declaration creates a valid value. There is no uninitialized state - every value works from the moment it’s declared.
In Python, everything is an object. In Java, everything is a class. In Go, everything is a value. These are fundamental design philosophies that shape how you write concurrent code, manage memory, and reason about performance.
All Python developers know that everything in Python is an object. But at what cost? A deep dive into Python’s heap-only memory model and the 28-byte overhead of storing a simple integer.