Heap
Understanding Memory Metrics: RSS, VSZ, USS, PSS, and Working Sets
Why does
free show 1GB available but your app OOM’d? Why is RSS 4GB when your heap is 2GB? A complete taxonomy of memory metrics from system level (total, available, cached) to process level (RSS, PSS, USS, WSS) to allocator internals.Go Structs Are Not C++ Classes: Why Similar Modeling Roles Produce Different Hardware Execution Patterns
Structs with methods look like classes, but the hardware tells a different story. Go makes contiguous values + static calls the path of least resistance. In inheritance-heavy C++ designs, you often end up with pointers + virtual dispatch + scattered memory. This isn’t syntax - it’s what the CPU executes.
The Price of Everything Being an Object in Python
All Python developers know that everything in Python is an object. But at what cost? A deep dive into Python’s heap-only memory model and the 28-byte overhead of storing a simple integer.