Python

OOP’s reference semantics were manageable in single-threaded code. But when CPUs went multicore in 2005, hidden shared state went from ‘confusing’ to ‘catastrophic.’ This is why Go, Rust, and modern languages abandoned default references for value semantics.

In Python, undeclared variables don’t exist. In Java, local variables can’t be used before assignment. In Go, declaration creates a valid value. There is no uninitialized state - every value works from the moment it’s declared.

In Python, everything is an object. In Java, everything is a class. In Go, everything is a value. These are fundamental design philosophies that shape how you write concurrent code, manage memory, and reason about performance.

Discover why Python dominates big data despite the GIL: Python coordinates, C/Rust/JVM executes. Learn how NumPy, pandas, Polars, and PySpark bypass the GIL for true parallelism.

All Python developers know that everything in Python is an object. But at what cost? A deep dive into Python’s heap-only memory model and the 28-byte overhead of storing a simple integer.

JSON lacks types and validation - any structure parses successfully. JSON Schema solves this by adding a validation layer without changing JSON itself. Learn how to define schemas, validate at runtime, generate code, and build type-safe APIs.

Start on Mac, continue on Linux–same Claude conversation. Plus integrated AWS/Rust/Go/Python tools, extensible hooks, multi-vault secrets, and modular architecture. A framework, not just dotfiles.